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Rabt and its surrounding area is one of the most important historical-cultural centers, the main factors of its destruction and maintenance should be investigated. Because, until the vulnerability of the ancient sites is determined, it is not possible to implement a program for the protection of the ancient sites. Therefore, according to the problem in question, the main objectives of the research include the identification of effective natural factors (slope, land use, geology, precipitation, height and distance from the fault line) and granulometric investigation (granulometry), sieve test or sedimentation test to identify the sediments of the area and The size distribution of the grains in the soil sample was In the research, ArcGIS program and TOPSIS model were used to prepare information on natural factors. Determining the weight and importance of each of the criteria was done in the form of a pairwise comparison by 8 experts who had sufficient knowledge in terms of familiarity with the subject, in the AHP model and the Expert Choice program. According to the results of the research, the factors of height, slope and distance from the fault line have the greatest effect on the destruction of the Mosasir ancient site. Among these, the largest area of the studied area is in the medium zone due to its vulnerability, according to which, the historical area of Mosasir is also in the low level in terms of its location. Also, on the other hand, the hydrometric test to determine the soil texture that the research findings specified; Quaternary deposits are the main factor in the protection of ancient sites. Therefore, in order to conclude the research findings, combining the use of geographic methods and models with laboratory methods can be a suitable scientific solution for the preservation and maintenance of ancient sites and monuments.
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